Equivalence-equivalence: Matching Stimuli with Same Discriminative Functions
نویسندگان
چکیده
Previous studies have shown that after being trained on A-B and A-C match-to-sample tasks, adults match not only same-class Band C stimuli (equivalence) but also BC compounds with sameclass elements and with different-class elements (BC-BC) . The assumption was that the BC-BC performances are based on matching equivalence and nonequivalence relations (equivalenceequivalence) . The present study examined if the BC-BC performances could have resulted from matching stimuli with same discriminative (8+, 8-) properties. In Experiment 1, the subjects were first trained on a simple Q discrimination task (Q1 +/Q2-). After testing the discriminative functions of these stimuli independent from one another, conditional A-B and A-C discriminations were trained . Finally, 3 tests were presented. One test assessed equivalence (B-C, C-B). The second test permitted matching on the basis of same functional (equivalence, nonequivalence) relations (BC-BC) . The third test measured the 8+ function of compounds with same-class elements and the 8function of compounds with different-class elements (BC/BC), or matching on the basis of same discriminative functions (Q-BC) . The order of the tests varied across conditions except that the equivalence test was always presented first. Experiment 2 was the same except that the equivalence was tested last. In both experiments, almost all subjects demonstrated equivalence and selected compounds with same-class elements during a simple BC discrimination test (e.g. , B1C1+/B1C2-) . Most of these subjects also matched Q and BC stimuli of same discriminative functions (e.g. , Q1-B1 C1 , Q2-B1 C2), and Be compounds with sameand with different-class elements (B 1 C1-B3C3, B2C3B3C2), more so in Experiment 1 than in Experiment 2. These findings indicate that the BC-BC performances result from matching same discriminative functions. The implications of these findings for equivalence-equivalence as a model for classical analogies are discussed.
منابع مشابه
A transfer of functions through derived arbitrary and nonarbitrary stimulus relations.
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